Method of attaching couplings to hose ends



March 16, 1937. H D, STECHER Zmventor HEMQYIZ 511mm?. *M

Cttol neg METHOD OF ATTCHING COUPLINGS TO HOSE ENDS 1a f5 i H" Z0 2zPatented Mar. 16, 1937 UNITED STATES ATTACHING COUPLINGS T HOSE ENDS.METHOD 0F PATEN T oFFlcE Henry D. Stecher, Lakewood, Ohio, assignor toThe Weatherhead Company, Cleveland, Ohio, a

corporation oi Ohio 1935, Serial No. 3,078

Claims.

This invention relates to methods of attaching hose couplings to hoseends. 'I'his application is a division of my copending applicationSerial No. 677,421, filed June 24, 1933, and patented 5 May 28, 1936,No. 2,002,839, and in its preferred form this application relatesespecially to a method of securing a hose having a metallic or fabriclining to a coupling.

In connection with couplings such as are employed in high pressure oilhoses for motor cars and for automobile gasoline lines, diflicultieshave arisen because of the fact that the fluid carried by the hose hasbeen able to reach the cut end of the hose and thus penetrate the fabriccovering of the hose or the fabric which may be incorporated in the hoseconstruction. The dimculties have been particularly pronounced inconnection with hoses of the types embodying spiral metallic or braidedfabric linings and a rubber or rubber and fabric covering, where it isimpossibleto make a pressure seal with the interior of the hose. In suchhoses, the fluid may follow trie convolutions of the metallic lining orthe interstices of the fabric and thus reach the cut end of 'the hose.Unless the end of the hose is properly sealed, the uid may escapethrough the outer fabric covering, or penetrate thf' fabric embodied inthe walls of the hose and thus damage the hose.

Accordingly, it is among the objects of my invention to provide a hosecoupling and a method of attaching a ho-se to the coupling which willprevent fluid from penetrating or escaping around Vthe end of the hose.Another object of leak proof, and economical connection between a hoseand coupling. A further object is to provide a method of joining acoupling to a hose having a spiral metallic or woven fabric lining,

40 which will effect a permanent mechanical joint and a leak proof fluidjoint. Another object is to provide a method which can be carried outrapidly and economically. Other objects of my invention will be apparentfrom the following description of a preferred form thereof, referencebeing had to the accompanying drawing. 'Ihe essential characteristicsare summarized in the claims.

In the drawing:

Figure 1 illustrates a complete coupling made according to my invention;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through the hose and couplingillustrated in Fig. 1;

55 Fig. 3 illustrates the first step in securing a my invention is toprovide a secure, permanent, Y

hose to my coupling, the hose merely being inserted into the sleeve ofthe coupling;

Fig. 4 illustrates the method employed in rolling or spinning in thesleeve of the coupling to secure'the hose to the coupling; and

Fig. 51s a section taken along line 5--5 of Fig. 4.

As shown in the drawing, the coupling C comprises a body portion I0having projecting therefrom a sleeve II which is preferably integrallyformed therewith or permanently joined thereto. Extending from the bodyportion in the same direction as the sleeve and concentric therewith, Ipreferably provide a nipple I2 which is adapted to extend into theinterior passageway of the hose H and which may have a passageway I3therein. The nipple and the sleeve together form an annular chamberwhich is adapted to receive the end of the hose. The bottom of theannular chamber is defined by the end wall I4 of the body portion of thecoupling. The end wall is preferably provided with a V-shaped annularrecess I 5 for a purpose to be hereinafter described.

The body portion of the coupling at the end opposite the sleeve andnipple may be provided with any convenient means for connecting thecoupling to a part of a motor car or to a copper tube. For example, asillustrated in the drawing, the coupling may be provided with aninternally threaded recess Il having a conical seat at the base thereofand adapted for connection to a flared copper tube. This type of seatand the formation of the recess in the coupling is fully described inthe Weatherhead Patent No. 1,733,925 and will not be discussed furtherherein.

In the drawing, the hose H is illustrated as having a rubber or othernon-metallic body 20, a fabric covering 2I, and a spirally woundinternally disposed flexible metallic sheath or lining 22 with orWithout a layer of fabric between vthe metallic sheath and the rubberbody. It is to be understood, however, that my invention is equallyapplicable to fabric lined hose or other types of hose.

In order to make a secure mechanical joint between the hose and thecoupling and likewise to produce a fluid tight joint between the hoseand the coupling and prevent uid from escaping past the end of the hose,I preferably spin or roll the sleeve of the coupling into engagementwith the hose somewhat in the manner disclosed in Patent No. 2,000,680,issued May 7, 1935, to Albert J. Weatherhead, Jr. In that patent thereis disclosed a coupling similar to the one illustrated herein exceptthat the end wall of the body portion of the coupling against which the'end of the hose abuts is plane, and a method of spinning or rolling inthe sleeveto compress the hose between the sleeve and the nipple and tocrowd the end o1' the hose against the end wall of the body portion isalso disclosed. In that patent, the sleeve is spun or rolled into thehose in only one zone.

I have found that a type oi coupling superior for some purposes, such ashigh pressure applications, may be produced by forming the coupling, asdisclosed herein, preferably with an annular recess in the end wall, andby rolling or spinning the sleeve into the hose in two zones, oneadjacent the open end of the sleeve and the other adjacent the bodyportion of the coupling.

As illustrated in Fig. 4, the rst rolling in operation takes placeadjacent the open end of the sleeve. The operation may be carried out bymeans of a series of rolls 25, as illustrated in Figs. 4 and 5, or ifdesired the sleeve may be spun into the hose instead of being rolled.'Ihe spining or rolling operations are fully described in the abovenoted Weatherhcad Patent No. 2,000,- 680. The first rolling in operationcompresses the hose against its internal metallic lining and forces thelining rmly into engagement with the nipple l2, and also longitudinallycrowds the material of the hose against the end wall I4 and causes thematerial to ilow slightly into the annular recess I5.

Thereafter the joint between the hose and coupling is completed bydeforming the sleeve inwardly in a zone adjacent the body portion of thecoupling. It is to be noted that the end Wall preferably lies within thesleeve, while the bottom of the V-shaped recess may be disposedsubstantially in the plane dened by the juncture of the sleeve with thehexagonal body portion of the coupling. By reason of this arrangement,the deformation of the sleeve adjacent the body portion not only appliesfurther pressure to the material of the hose, which is already somewhatcompressed by the first rolling in operation, but also deforms theannular recess I5 by swinging together the walls of the V, therebypinching the material of the hose between the walls of the V to make asecure and leak proof joint between the end wall and the hose. At thetime the sleeve is rolled inwardly in the zone adjacent the bodyportion, the hose already has lbeen securely clamped by the deformationadjacent the open end of the sleeve, so that the material can not flowaway from the end wall but must be compressed thereagainst. By thismethod, the material of the hose adjacent the body portion of thecoupling is compressed to such anV extent that no fluid can escapearound or penetrate the end of the hose. An adequate degree ofcompression is assured because there is no possibility of the integrallyformed or permanently secured sleeve moving away from the body portionof the fitting. While the rolling operation may lengthen the sleeve ifit is measuredalong its curved surface, nevertheless, the over-alllength of the sleeve, measured in a straight line from the base of theannular chamber to the open end of the sleeve, is reduced. By reason ofthe fact that the friction between the sleeve and the hose is muchgreater than the friction between the hose and the nipple, the reductionin the over-all length of the sleeve assists in crowding the end oi' thehose against the end wall of the annular chamber. 'I'hus a tight jointis produced even though the end of the hose may be badly out of squareso that only a part touches the end wall before closing it. 'Ihe groovein the end wall permits a relatively large radial movement oi? thesleeve, which results in a correspondingly great displacement andcompression of the material of the hose.

From the foregoing description of a preferred form of my invention, itwill be seen that I have provided a method of securing a hose to acoupling which can be rapidly and economically carried out and whichwill form a secure mechanical joint between the hose and the couplingand will also form a leak proof iluid tight joint. By reason of the highdegree of compression in the material of the hose adjacent the bodyportion of the coupling, fluid is prevented from escaping past orpenetrating the cut end of the hose.

In this specification, I have described a preferred i'orm of myinvention in considerable detail. However, those skilled in the art willappreciate that my invention may be modied in various ways withoutdeparting from the spirit of my invention, and I therefore do not wishto be limited to the specific form described herein or in any mannerother than by the claims appended hereto when given that range ofequivalents to which my patent may be entitled.

I claim:

1. A method of joining a lined hose to a coupling having a body portion,an annular chamber formed by an integrally formed sleeve projectingfroml the body portion and a nipple concentric with the sleeve, and asubstantially radial end wall having a V-shaped annular recess therein,including the steps of inserting the end of the hose into the annularchamber, deforming the sleeve inwardly in a zone spaced away from thebody portion of the coupling to compress the hose against the nipple andagainst the radial end wall, and thereafter compressing the hose againstthe nipple, crowding the material of the hose longitudinally of thecoupling into the annular recess, and swinging the walls of the recesstogether to pinch the material of the hose therein by deforming thesleeve inwardly in a zone adjacent the body portion of the coupling.

2. A method of joining a hose to a coupling having a body portion, anannular chamber formed by an integrally formed sleeve projecting fromthe body portion and a nipple substantially concentric therewith, and anend wall having an annular recess therein, including the steps ofinserting the end of the hose into the annular chamber, deforming thesleeve inwardly in a zone spacedaway from the body portion of thecoupling to compress the hose against the nipple to retain the hose inthe coupling, and thereafter compressing the hose against the nipple,crowding the material of the hose longitudinally of the coupling intothe annular recess, and deforming the recess to compress the material ofthe hose therein by deforming the sleeve inwardly in a zone adjacent thebody portion of the coupling.

3. A method of joining a hose to a coupling having a body portion, anannular chamber formed by a sleeve projecting from the body portion anda nipple concentric with the sleeve, and an end wall at the base of theannular chamber; including the steps of inserting the end of the hoseinto the annular chamber, deforming the sleeve inwardly in a zone spacedfrom the body portion of the coupling to compress the hose against thenipple and to restrain the hose against movement out of the annularchamber,

and thereafter deforming the sleeve inwardly in a zone adjacent the bodyportion of the coupling to thereby compress the hose against the nippleand crowd the material of the hose longitudinally against `the end wall.

4. A method of joining a hose to a coupling having a body portion, asleeve projecting from the body portion and permanently joined thereto,a nipple concentric with the sleeve, said sleeve and nipple defining anopen ended annular chamber, and an end wall at the base of the annularchamber; including the steps of inserting the end of the hose into theannular chamber, deforming the sleeve inwardly in a zone spaced, fromthe body'portion of the coupling to compress the hose against the nippleand to restrain the hose against movement out of the annular chamber,and detorming the sleeve inwardly in a zone adjacent the body portionoi' the coupling,

thereby shortening the over-all length of tlie sleeve and crowding thematerial of the end of the'hose longitudinally against the end wall.

5. A method of joining a hose to a coupling having a body portion, asleeve projecting from the body portion and permanently joined thereto,a nipple adapted to be inserted within the bore of the hose, and an endwall at the base of the sleeve, yincluding the steps of inserting theend of the hose into the sleeve with the nipple projecting into the boreof the hose. rolling the 'sleeve inwardly in a zone spaced from the bodyportion oi' the coupling to compress the material of the hose wall andto restrain the hose against movement out yof the sleeve, and rollingthe sleeve inwardly in a zone adjacent the body portion oi' thel,coupling to compress and crowd the material' of the hoselongitudinally against the end wall. 4 HENRY D. STECKER.

